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Concussion-Related Protocols and Preparticipation Assessments Used for Incoming Student-Athletes in National Collegiate Athletic Association Member Institutions

机译：国家大学体育协会会员机构中用于迎接学生运动员的脑震荡相关协议和参加前评估

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CONTEXT: National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) legislation requires that member institutions have policies to guide the recognition and management of sport-related concussions. Identifying the nature of these policies and the mechanisms of their implementation can help identify areas of needed improvement.OBJECTIVE: To estimate the characteristics and prevalence of concussion-related protocols and preparticipation assessments used for incoming NCAA student-athletes.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: Web-based survey.PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Head athletic trainers from all 1113 NCAA member institutions were contacted; 327 (29.4%) completed the survey.INTERVENTION(S): Participants received an e-mail link to the Web-based survey. Weekly reminders were sent during the 4-week window.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Respondents described concussion-related protocols and preparticipation assessments (eg, concussion history, neurocognitive testing, balance testing, symptom checklists). Descriptive statistics were compared by division and football program status.RESULTS: Most universities provided concussion education to student-athletes (95.4%), had return-to-play policies (96.6%), and obtained the number of previous concussions sustained by incoming student-athletes (97.9%). Fewer had return-to-learn policies (63.3%). Other concussion-history-related information (e.g., symptoms, hospitalization) was more often collected by Division I universities. Common preparticipation neurocognitive and balance tests were the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT; 77.1%) and Balance Error Scoring System (46.5%). In total, 43.7% complied with recommendations for preparticipation assessments that included concussion history, neurocognitive testing, balance testing, and symptom checklists. This was due to moderate use of balance testing (56.6%); larger proportions used concussion history (99.7%), neurocognitive testing (83.2%), and symptom checklists (91.7%). More Division I universities (55.2%) complied with baseline assessment recommendations than Division II (38.2%, χ2 = 5.49, P = .02) and Division III (36.1%, χ2 = 9.11, P = .002) universities.CONCLUSIONS: National Collegiate Athletic Association member institutions implement numerous strategies to monitor student-athletes. Division II and III universities may need additional assistance to collect in-depth concussion histories and conduct balance testing. Universities should continue developing or adapting (or both) return-to-learn policies.
机译：背景：国家大学体育协会（NCAA）的立法要求会员机构制定政策以指导对与体育有关的脑震荡的认识和管理。确定这些政策的性质及其实施机制可以帮助确定需要改进的地方。目的：评估脑震荡相关协议的特征和普遍性，以及即将到来的NCAA学生运动员的参与评估。设计：横断面研究设置：基于网络的调查患者或其他参与者：与来自1113个NCAA成员机构的首席体育教练进行了联系； 327（29.4％）完成了调查。干预：参与者收到了基于Web的调查的电子邮件链接。在4周窗口内每周发送一次提醒。主要观察指标：受访者描述了脑震荡相关的治疗方案和参与前的评估（例如脑震荡史，神经认知测试，平衡测试，症状清单）。结果：大多数大学对学生运动员进行了脑震荡教育（95.4％），制定了重返比赛政策（96.6％），并获得了来访学生先前遭受脑震荡的次数。 -运动员（97.9％）。拥有重返校园政策的人数较少（63.3％）。我的大学经常收集其他与脑震荡相关的信息（例如症状，住院情况）。常见的参与前神经认知和平衡测试是脑震荡后立即评估和认知测试（ImPACT； 77.1％）和平衡误差评分系统（46.5％）。总的来说，有43.7％的人参与了运动前评估的建议，包括脑震荡史，神经认知测试，平衡测试和症状清单。这是由于适度使用了余额测试（56.6％）；使用脑震荡史（99.7％），神经认知测试（83.2％）和症状清单（91.7％）的比例更高。一类大学（55.2％）遵守基线评估建议的比例高于二类大学（38.2％，χ2= 5.49，P = .02）和三类大学（36.1％，χ2= 9.11，P = .002）。学院运动协会成员机构实施了许多策略来监视学生运动员。二级和三级大学可能需要更多帮助，以收集深入的脑震荡历史并进行平衡测试。大学应继续制定或调整（或同时调整）返学政策。

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